16. Bhūvādigaṇikapariccheda
Ito paraṃ avaggantā, missakā ceva dhātuyo;
Vakkhāmi dhātubhedādi-kusalassa matānugā.
Yakārantadhātu
Yā gatipāpuṇesu. Yāti, yanti. Yātu, yantu. Yeyya, yeyyuṃ, anupariyeyyuṃ. Yathāsambhavaṃ padamālā yojetabbā. Yanto puriso. Yantī itthī. Yantaṃ kulaṃ. Yānaṃ, upayānaṃ, uyyānaṃ iccādīni. Divādigaṇikassa panassa ‘‘yāyati, yāyantī’’tiādīni rūpāni bhavanti.
Tatra yānantiādīsu yanti etenāti yānaṃ, rathasakaṭādi. Upayanti etena issarassa vā piyamanāpassa vā santikaṃ gacchantīti upayānaṃ, paṇṇākāraṃ. ‘‘Upayānāni me dajjuṃ, rājaputta tayi gate’’ti ettha hi paṇṇākārāni ‘‘upayānānī’’ti vuccanti. Sampannadassanīyapupphaphalāditāya uddhaṃ olokentā yanti gacchanti etthāti uyyānaṃ.
Byā ummīsane. Byāti, byanti. Byāsi, byātha. Byāmi, byāma. Yathāsambhavaṃ padamālā yojetabbā. Tatra panāyaṃ pāḷi ‘‘yāva byāti nimmīsati, tatrāpi rasatibbayo’’ti. Tattha yāva byātīti yāva ummīsati, purāṇabhāsā esā, ayañhi yasmiṃ kāle bodhisatto cūḷabodhiparibbājako ahosi, tasmiṃ kāle manussānaṃ vohāro.
Yu missane gatiyañca. Yoti, yavati. Āyu, yoni.
Tattha ‘‘āyū’’ti āsaddo upasaggo. Āyavanti missībhavanti sattā etenāti āyu. Atha vā āyavanti āgacchanti pavattanti tasmiṃ sati arūpadhammāti āyu. Tathā hi aṭṭhasāliniyaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘āyavanaṭṭhena āyu. Tasmiñhi sati arūpadhammā āyavanti āgacchanti pavattanti, tasmā āyūti vuccatī’’ti. ‘‘Āyu, jīvitaṃ, pāṇo’’ iccete pariyāyā lokavohāravasena. Abhidhammavasena pana ‘‘ṭhiti yapanā yāpanā jīvitindriyaṃ’’ iccetepi teheva saddhiṃ pariyāyā. Yonīti aṇḍajādīnaṃ aṇḍajādīhi saddhiṃ yāya missībhāvo hoti, sā yoni. Idaṃ panettha nibbacanaṃ ‘‘yavanti ettha sattā ekajātisamanvayena aññamaññaṃ missakā hontīti yoni’’ iti. Ettha ca yonisaddassa atthuddhāro nīyate. Yonīti khandhakoṭṭhāsassapi kāraṇassapi passāvamaggassapi nāmaṃ. ‘‘Catasso nāgayoniyo. Catasso supaṇṇayoniyo’’ti ettha hi khandhakoṭṭhāso yoni nāma. ‘‘Yoni hesā bhūmija phalassa adhigamāyā’’ti ettha kāraṇaṃ. ‘‘Na cāhaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ brūmi, yonijaṃ mattisambhava’’nti ettha passāvamaggo. Etthetaṃ vuccati –
Khandhānañcāpi koṭṭhāse, muttamagge ca kāraṇe;
Imesu tīsu atthesu, yonisaddo pavattati.
Bye saṃvaraṇe. Byāyati.
Bye pavattiyaṃ. Byeti sahabyo.
Ettha sahabyoti saha byeti saha pavattatīti sahabyo, sahāyo, ekabhavūpago vā. Tathā hi ‘‘tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapanno’’tiādīsu ekabhavūpago ‘‘sahabyo’’ti vuccati.
Haya gatiyaṃ. Hayati. Hayo. Hayoti asso. So hi hayati sīghaṃ gacchatīti hayoti vuccati. Imāni panassa nāmāni –
Asso turaṅgo turago, vājī vāho hayopi ca;
Tabbhedā sindhavo ceva, gojo assataropi ca.
Kāraṇākāraṇaññū tu, ājānīyo hayuttamo;
Ghoṭako tu khaḷuṅkasso, vaḷavoti ca vuccati;
Assapoto kisoroti, khaḷuṅkotipi vuccati;
Hariya gatigelaññesu. Hariyati.
Aya vaya paya maya taya caya raya gatiyaṃ. Ayati. Vayati. Payati. Mayati. Tayati. Cayati. Rayati. Ayo, samayo, vayo, payo, rayo. Mayatayacayadhātūnaṃ nāmikapadāni upaparikkhitabbāni.
Tattha ayoti kāḷalohaṃ, ayati nānākammārakiccesu upayogaṃ gacchatīti ayo. Vayoti paṭhamavayādiāyukoṭṭhāso, vayati parihāniṃ gacchatīti vayo. Payoti khīrassapi udakassapi nāmaṃ, payati janena pātabbabhāvaṃ gacchatīti payo. Rayoti vego, yo ‘‘javo’’tipi vuccati, tasmā rayanaṃ javanaṃ rayo. Ettha samayasaddassa atthuddhāro vuccate aha nibbacanena. Samayasaddo –
Samavāye khaṇe kāle, samaye hetudiṭṭhisu;
Paṭilābhe pahāne ca, paṭivedhe ca dissati.
Tathā hi ‘‘appeva nāma svepi upasaṅkameyyāma kālañca samayañca upādāyā’’ti evamādīsu samavāyo attho. ‘‘Ekova kho bhikkhave khaṇo ca samayo ca brahmacariyavāsāyā’’tiādīsu khaṇo. ‘‘Uṇhasamayo pariḷāhasamayo’’tiādīsu kālo. ‘‘Mahāsamayo pavanasmi’’ntiādīsu samūho. ‘‘Samayopi kho te bhaddāli appaṭividdho ahosī’’tiādīsu hetu. ‘‘Tena samayena uggāhamāno paribbājako samaṇamuṇḍikāputto samayappavādake tindukācīre ekasālake mallikāya ārāme paṭivasatī’’tiādīsu diṭṭhi.
‘‘Diṭṭhe dhamme ca yo attho, yo cattho samparāyiko;
Atthābhisamayā dhīro, paṇḍitoti pavuccatī’’ti
Ādīsu paṭilābho. ‘‘Sammā mānābhisamayā antamakāsi dukkhassā’’tiādīsu pahānaṃ. ‘‘Dukkhassa pīḷanaṭṭho saṅkhataṭṭho santāpaṭṭho abhisamayaṭṭho’’tiādīsu paṭivedho. Ettha ca upasaggānaṃ jotakamattattā tassa tassa atthassa vācako samayasaddo evāti samayasaddassa atthuddhārepi saupasaggo abhisamayasaddo vutto.
Tattha sahakārīkāraṇatāya sannijjhaṃ sameti samavetīti samayo, samavāyo. Sameti samāgacchati maggabrahmacariyaṃ ettha tadādhārapuggaloti samayo, khaṇo. Samenti ettha, etena vā saṅgacchanti dhammā sahajātadhammehi uppādādīhi vāti samayo, kālo. Dhammappavattimattatāya atthato abhūtopi hi kālo dhammappavattiyā adhikaraṇaṃ karaṇaṃ viya ca parikappanāmattasiddhena rūpena vohariyatīti. Samaṃ, saha vā avayavānaṃ ayanaṃ pavatti avaṭṭhānanti samayo, samūho, yathā ‘‘samudāyo’’ti. Avayavasahāvaṭṭhānameva hi samūho. Paccayantarasamāgame eti phalaṃ etasmā uppajjati pavattati cāti samayo, hetu, yathā ‘‘samudayo’’ti. Sameti saṃyojanabhāvato sambandhā eti attano visaye pavattati, daḷhaggahaṇabhāvato vā saṃyuttā ayanti pavattanti sattā yathābhinivesaṃ etenāti samayo, diṭṭhi. Diṭṭhisaṃyojanena hi sattā ativiya bajjhanti. Samiti saṅgati samodhānanti samayo, paṭilābho. Samassa nirodhassa yānaṃ, sammā vā yānaṃ apagamo appavattīti samayo, pahānaṃ. Ñāṇena abhimukhaṃ sammā etabbo adhigantabboti samayo, dhammānaṃ aviparīto sabhāvo, abhimukhabhāvena sammā eti gacchati bujjhatīti samayo. Yathābhūtasabhāvāvabodho. Evaṃ tasmiṃ tasmiṃ atthe samayasaddassa pavatti veditabbā.
Nanu ca atthamattaṃ pati saddā abhinivisantīti na ekena saddena aneke atthā abhidhīyantīti? Saccametaṃ saddavisese apekkhite. Saddavisese hi apekkhamāne ekena saddena anekatthābhidhānaṃ na sambhavati. Na hi yo kālattho samayasaddo, soyeva samūhādiatthaṃ vadati. Ettha pana tesaṃ tesaṃ atthānaṃ samaya saddavacanīyatā sāmaññamupādāya anekatthatā samayasaddassa vuttā. Evaṃ sabbattha atthuddhāre adhippāyo veditabbo.
Ito yāto ayato ca, nipphattiṃ samudīraye;
Viññū samayasaddassa, samavāyādivācino.
Ito yāto ayato ca, samānatthehi dhātuhi;
Evaṃ samānarūpāni, bhavantīti ca īraye.
Naya rakkhaṇe ca. Cakāro gatipekkhako. Nayati. Nayo. Nayoti nayanaṃ gamananti nayo, pāḷigati. Nayanti vā rakkhanti atthaṃ etenāti nayo, tathattanayādi.
Daya dānagatihiṃsādānarakkhāsu. Dayati. Dayā.
Dayāti mettāpi vuccati karuṇāpi. ‘‘Dayāpanno’’ti ettha hi mettā ‘‘dayā’’ti, mettacittataṃ āpannoti hi attho. ‘‘Adayāpanno’’ti ettha pana karuṇā ‘‘dayā’’ti vuccati. Nikkaruṇataṃ āpannoti hi attho. Evaṃ dayāsaddassa mettākaruṇāsu pavatti veditabbā. Tathā hi abhidhammaṭīkāyaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘dayāsaddo yattha yattha pavattati, tattha tattha adhippāyavasena yojetabbo. Dayāsaddo hi anurakkhaṇatthaṃ antonītaṃ katvā pavattamāno mettāya ca karuṇāya ca pavattatī’’ti.
Vacanattho panettha evaṃ veditabbo – dayati dadāti sattānaṃ abhayaṃ etāyāti dayā. Dayati gacchati vibhāgaṃ akatvā pāpakalyāṇajanesu samaṃ vattati, sītena samaṃ pharantaṃ rajomalañca pavāhentaṃ udakamivātipi dayā, mettā. Dayati vā hiṃsati kāruṇikaṃ yāva yathādhippetaṃ parassa hitanipphattiṃ na pāpuṇāti, tāvāti dayā. Dayati anuggaṇhāti pāpajanampi sajjano etāyātipi dayā. Dayati attano sukhampi pahāya khedaṃ gaṇhāti sajjano etāyāti dayā. Dayanti gaṇhanti etāya mahābodhisattā buddhabhāvāya abhinīhārakaraṇakāle hatthagatampi arahattaphalaṃ chaḍḍetvā saṃsārasāgarato satte samuddharitukāmā anassāsakaraṃ atibhayānakaṃ mahantaṃ saṃsāradukkhaṃ, pacchimabhave ca saha amatadhātupaṭilābhena anekaguṇasamalaṅkataṃ sabbaññutaññāṇañcātipi dayā, karuṇā. Karuṇāmūlakā hi sabbe buddhaguṇā.
Aparo nayo – dayanti anurakkhanti satte etāya, sayaṃ vā anudayati, anudayamattameva vā etanti dayā, mettā ceva karuṇā ca. Kiñci payogamettha kathayāma ‘‘seyyathāpi gahapati gijjho vā kaṅko vā kulalo vā maṃsapesiṃ ādāya dayeyya. Puttesu maddī dayesi, sassuyā sasuramhi ca. Dayitabbo rathesabha’’. Tattha dayeyyāti uppatitvā gaccheyya, gatyatthavasenetaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Dayesīti mettacittaṃ kareyyāsi. Dayitabboti piyāyitabbo. Ubhayampetaṃ vivaraṇaṃ rakkhaṇatthaṃ antogadhaṃ katvā adhippāyatthavasena katanti veditabbaṃ.
Ūyī tantasantāne. Ūyati. Ūto, ūtavā.
Pūyī visaraṇe duggandhe ca. Pūyati. Pūto, pūtavā. Pūtimacchaṃ kusaggena, yo naro upanayhati.
Kanuyīsadde. Kanuyati. Kanuto, kanutavā.
Khamāya vidhūnane. Khamāyati. Khamāto, khamātavā.
Phāyi pāyi vuddhiyaṃ. Phāyati. Phīto, phatavā.
Tattha tatavantupaccayā, yakāralopo, dhātvantassa sarassa ikārādeso ca daṭṭhabbo. Esa nayo ‘‘pūto pūtavā’’tiādīsupi yathāsambhavaṃ daṭṭhabbo. Pāyati. Pāyo. Apāyo. Ettha ca natthi pāyo vuddhi etthāti apāyo. Atha vā pana ayato sukhato apetoti apāyotipi nibbacanīyaṃ. Apāyoti ca nirayo tiracchānayoni pettivisayo asurakāyoti cattāro apāyā.
Tāyu santānapālanesu. Tāyati. Tāyanaṃ. Divādigaṇe pana tā pālaneti dhātuṃ passatha, tassa ‘‘tāyati tāṇa’’nti rūpāni. Ubhayesaṃ kriyāpadaṃ samaṃ. Akārayakārapaccayamatteneva nānattaṃ, nāmikapadāni pana visadisāni ‘‘tāyanaṃ, tāṇa’’nti.
Cāyu pūjānisāmanesu. Pūjā pūjanā. Nisāmanaṃ olokanaṃ savanañca vuccati. ‘‘Iṅgha maddi nisāmehi. Nisāmayatha sādhavo’’ti ca ādīsu hi olokanasavanāni nisāmanasaddena vuttāni. Apica ñāṇena upaparikkhaṇampi nisāmanamevāti gahetabbaṃ. Cāyati, apacāyati. Anagāre pabbajite, apace brahmacāriye. Ye vuddhamapacāyanti. Apacitiṃ dasseti. Niccaṃ vuddhāpacāyino.
Yakārantadhāturūpāni.